Aluminum alloy overview:
Aluminum alloy is the most widely used non-ferrous metal structural material in industry.
It has been widely used in automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industries. With the rapid development of science and technology and industrial economy in recent years, the demand for welded structural parts of aluminum alloys is increasing, and the research on the weldability of aluminum alloys is also in-depth. The wide application of aluminum alloy has promoted the development of aluminum alloy welding technology, and the development of welding technology has expanded the application field of aluminum alloy, so the welding technology of aluminum alloy is becoming one of the hot spots of research.

The density of pure aluminum is small (ρ=2.7g/cm3), kuhusu 1/3 of that of iron, and its melting point is low (660°C). Aluminum has a face-centered cubic structure, so it has high plasticity (δ: 32~40%, ψ:70~90%), easy to process, and can be made into various profiles and plates. Upinzani mzuri wa kutu; but the strength of pure aluminum is very low, the annealed state σb value is about 8kgf/mm2, so it is not suitable for structural materials. Through long-term production practice and scientific experiments, people have gradually strengthened aluminum by adding alloying elements and using heat treatment, which resulted in a series of aluminum alloys. The alloy formed by adding certain elements can have high strength while maintaining the advantages of pure aluminum such as light weight, and the σb value can reach 24-60kgf/mm2 respectively.

This makes its “specific strength” (the ratio of strength to specific gravity σb/ρ) better than many alloy steels, becoming an ideal structural material, widely used in machinery manufacturing, transportation machinery, power machinery and aviation industry, na kadhalika. Aircraft fuselage , skins, compressors, na kadhalika. are often made of aluminum alloy to reduce their weight. The welding of aluminum alloy instead of steel plate material can reduce the structural weight by more than 50%. Aluminum alloy has low density, but relatively high strength, which is close to or exceeds high-quality steel. It has good plasticity and can be processed into various profiles. It has excellent electrical conductivity, conductivity ya mafuta na upinzani wa kutu. It is widely used in industry, and its usage is second only to steel. .

Aluminum alloys are divided into two categories: cast aluminum alloys, which are used in the cast state; deformed aluminum alloys, which can withstand pressure processing. It can be processed into aluminum alloy materials of various shapes and specifications. Mainly used in the manufacture of aviation equipment, building doors and windows, na kadhalika. Aluminum alloys can be divided into deformed aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys according to processing methods. Deformed aluminum alloys are further divided into non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys and heat-treatable aluminum alloys. The non-heat-treatable type cannot improve the mechanical properties through heat treatment, but can only be strengthened through cold deformation. It mainly includes high-purity aluminum, industrial high-purity aluminum, alumini safi ya viwanda, and anti-rust aluminum.

Heat-treatable and strengthened aluminum alloys can improve mechanical properties through heat treatment such as quenching and aging. It can be divided into duralumin, wrought aluminum, super duralumin and special aluminum alloys. Some aluminum alloys can be heat treated to obtain good mechanical properties, physical properties and corrosion resistance. Cast aluminum alloys can be divided into aluminum-silicon alloys, aluminum-copper alloys, aloi za alumini-magnesiamu, aluminum-zinc alloys and aluminum rare earth alloys according to their chemical composition. Good performance), special aluminum-silicon alloy (matibabu ya joto yanaweza kuimarishwa, high mechanical properties, good casting performance)。

Classification of aluminum alloys:

1000 mfululizo:

1000 mfululizo wa aloi za alumini represent 1050, 1060, 1100 mfululizo. In all series 1000 mfululizo
It belongs to a series with the most aluminum content. The purity can reach more than 99.00%. Since it does not contain other technologies
Elements, so the production process is relatively simple, the price is relatively cheap, is the most commonly used in conventional industries
of a series. Most of the current ones in the market are 1050 na 1060 mfululizo. 1000 Karatasi ya Alumini ya Mfululizo
The minimum aluminum content of this series is determined according to the last two Arabic numerals, for example, the last two digits of the 1050 mfululizo
The digit of Arabic numerals is 50. According to the international brand naming principles, the aluminum content must reach more than 99.5%.
Qualified product. my country’s aluminum alloy technical standard (gB/T3880-2006) also clearly stipulates that 1050 aluminum content reaches
To 99.5%. In the same way, the aluminum content of the 1060 series aluminum plate must reach more than 99.6%.

2000 mfululizo:

2000 series aluminum alloys represent 2024, 2A16 (LY16), 2A02 (LY6). 2000 Series Aluminum
The board is characterized by high hardness, among which copper has the highest content, kuhusu 3-5%. 2000 Series Aluminum
Rods belong to aviation aluminum and are not commonly used in conventional industries at present.

3000 mfululizo:

3000 series aluminum alloys mainly represent 3003 3004 na 3A21. my country’s 3000 series aluminum plate production process is relatively
for excellent. 3000 series aluminum rods are made of manganese as the main component. The content is between 1.0-1.5, which is an anti-
A series with better rust performance.

4000 mfululizo:

4000 series aluminum rods, represented by 4A01 4000 sahani za alumini mfululizo, belong to the series with higher silicon content. usually
The silicon content is between 4.5-6.0%. It belongs to building materials, sehemu za mitambo, forging materials, welding materials; low melting point, kudumu
Upinzani mzuri wa kutu, product description: It has the characteristics of heat resistance and wear resistance

5000 mfululizo:

5000 series aluminum alloys represent 5052, 5005, 5083, 5A05 series. 5000 series aluminum rods belong to
The more commonly used alloy aluminum plate series, the main element is magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. aka aluminum magnesium
aloi. The main features are low density, high tensile strength and high elongation. In the same area of aluminum-magnesium alloy
The weight is lower than other series. It is also widely used in conventional industries. In our country, ya 5000 series aluminum plate belongs to relatively
It is one of the mature aluminum plate series.

6000 mfululizo:

6000 series aluminum alloy represents that 6061 mainly contains two elements of magnesium and silicon, so the 4000 series aluminum alloy is concentrated
na 5000 Series Advantages 6061 is a cold-worked aluminum forged product suitable for resistance to corrosion, oxidation
demanding applications. Good workability, easy coating, good processability.

7000 mfululizo:

7000 series aluminum alloy represents that 7075 mainly contains zinc. It also belongs to the aviation series, which is aluminum magnesium zinc
Copper alloy is a heat-treatable alloy, which belongs to superhard aluminum alloy and has good wear resistance. Wakati huu, it basically relies on imports,
my country’s production technology still needs to be improved.

8000 mfululizo:

8000 series aluminum alloy is more commonly used as 8011 belongs to other series, most of the applications are aluminum foil,
It is not commonly used in the production of aluminum rods.

9000 mfululizo:

9000 series aluminum alloys are the alternate alloys.

Various grades of aluminum alloy series:

1 mfululizo wa alumini safi ya viwanda: 1035, 1040, 1045, 1050, 1060, 1065, 1070, 1080, 1085,1090, 1098, 1100, 1110, 1120, 1230, 1135, 1145, 1150, 1170, 1175, 1180,1185, 1188, 1190, 1193, 1199, 1200, 1230, 1235, 1260, 1275, 1285, 1345,1350, 1370, 1385, 1435, 1445;
2 series super duralumin: 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011,2014, 2017, 2018, 2021, 2024, 2025, 2030, 2031, 2034, 2036, 2037, 2038,2048, 2090, 2091, 2117, 2124, 2218, 2219, 2224, 2319, 2324, 2419, 2519,
2618, 2A12;
3 series easy-cut aluminum: 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005, 3006, 3007, 3008, 3009, 3010,3011, 3012, 3013, 3014, 3015, 3016, 3102, 3103, 3104, 3105, 3107, 3203,3207, 3303, 3307, 3A12, 3A21;
4 Series Easy Cut Aluminum: 4004, 4006, 4007, 4008, 4009, 4010, 4011, 4013, 4032,4043, 4044, 4045, 4047, 4104, 4145, 4343, 4543, 4643;
5 series magnesium alloy: 5005, 5006, 5010, 5013, 5014, 5016, 5017, 5040, 5042,5043, 5049, 5050, 5051, 5052, 5056, 5082, 5083, 5086, 5150, 5151, 5154,5182, 5183, 5205, 5250, 5251, 5252, 5254, 5280, 5283, 5351, 5352, 5356,5357, 5451, 5454, 5456, 5457, 5552, 5554, 5556, 5557, 5652, 5654, 5657,5754, 5854;
6 series anodized, corrosion resistant aluminum: 6002, 6003, 6004, 6005, 6006, 6007, 6008,6009, 6010, 6011, 6012, 6013, 6014, 6015, 6016, 6017, 6053, 6060, 6061,6063, 6066, 6070, 6081, 6082, 6101, 6103, 6105, 6106, 6110, 6111, 6151,
6162, 6181, 6201, 6205, 6206, 6253, 6261, 6262, 6301, 6351, 6463, 6763,6863, 6951;
7 series aerospace super duralumin: 7001, 7003, 7004, 7005, 7008, 7009, 7010, 7011, 7012,7013, 7014, 7015, 7016, 7017, 7018, 7019, 7020, 7021, 7022, 7023, 7024,7025, 7026, 7027, 7028, 7029, 7030, 7039, 7046, 7049, 7050, 7051, 7060,7064, 7072, 7075, 7075-T651, 7076, 7079, 7090, 7091, 7108, 7109, 7116,7129, 7146, 7149, 7150, 7175, 7178, 7179, 7229, 7277, 7278, 7472, 7475;
8 mfululizo wa alumini: 8001, 8004, 8005, 8006, 8007, 8008, 8010, 8011, 8014, 8017,8020, 8030, 8040, 8076, 8077, 8079, 8081, 8090, 8091, 8092, 8111, 8112,8130, 8176, 8177, 8192, 8276, 8280;

Typical uses of aluminum alloys:

1050 Squeeze coils for the food, viwanda vya kemikali na pombe, hoses mbalimbali, unga wa fataki
1060 is required for occasions with high corrosion resistance and formability, lakini sio mahitaji ya juu ya nguvu, and chemical equipment is a typical example
use
1100 is used for processing parts that require good formability and high corrosion resistance but do not require high strength
parts, kama vile bidhaa za kemikali, food industry equipment and storage containers, sheet metal processing parts, deep drawing or spinning concave
Vessels, sehemu za kulehemu, kubadilishana joto, bodi zilizochapishwa, vibao vya majina, viakisi
1145 Packaging and insulating aluminum foil, kubadilishana joto
1199 Electrolytic capacitor foil, optically reflective deposited film
1350 Wires, Conductive Strands, Busbars, Transformer Strips
2011 Screws and machining products requiring good cutting performance
2014 Inatumika kwa hafla zinazohitaji nguvu na ugumu wa hali ya juu (ikiwa ni pamoja na joto la juu). Aircraft heavy duty, kughushi, thick plates and
Nyenzo zilizopanuliwa, magurudumu na vipengele vya muundo, roketi za hatua nyingi matangi ya mafuta ya hatua ya kwanza na sehemu za vyombo vya anga, muafaka wa lori
na sehemu za mfumo wa kusimamishwa 2017 are the first 2XXX series alloys to obtain industrial applications, the current application
The scope of application is narrow, mainly for rivets, general mechanical parts, structures and structural parts of transportation tools, propellers and
Accessories
2024 Miundo ya ndege, rivets, vipengele vya kombora, magurudumu ya lori, vipengele vya propeller, na sehemu nyingine mbalimbali za muundo
2036 Auto body sheet metal parts
2048 Aerospace vehicle structural parts and weapon structural parts
2124 Sehemu za muundo wa gari la anga
2218 Aircraft engine and diesel engine pistons, aircraft engine cylinder heads, jet engine impellers and compressors
Shrink ring
2219 Space rocket welding oxidant tank, supersonic aircraft skin and structural parts, the working temperature is
-270~300℃. Weldability nzuri, high fracture toughness, T8 state has high resistance to stress corrosion cracking
2319 Welding Rod and Filler Solder for 2219 Aloi
2618 Die forgings and free forgings. Pistons and Aero Engine Parts
2A01 Structural rivets with operating temperature less than or equal to 100°C
2A02 Axial compressor blades for turbojet engines with an operating temperature of 200~300°C
2A06 Aircraft structure with working temperature of 150~250℃ and aircraft structure rivet with working temperature of 125~250℃
The strength of 2A10 alloy is higher than that of 2A01 alloy, and it is used to manufacture aircraft structures with working temperature less than or equal to 100°C
rivet
2A11 Medium-strength structural parts of aircraft, propeller blades, transportation vehicles and architectural structural parts. sail
Medium Strength Bolts and Rivets for Aircraft
2A12 Aircraft skins, bulkheads, wing ribs, spars, rivets, na kadhalika., construction and transportation structural parts
2A14 Free forgings and die forgings with complex shapes
2A16 Aerospace aircraft parts with working temperature of 250~300℃, welding containers working at room temperature and high temperature
with airtight cockpit
2A17 Aircraft parts with operating temperature of 225~250℃
2A50 Medium-strength parts with complex shapes
2A60 Aircraft engine compressor wheels, upepo deflectors, mashabiki, vichochezi, na kadhalika.
2A70 Aircraft skins, bastola za injini za ndege, upepo deflectors, magurudumu, na kadhalika.
2A80 Air compressor blades, vichochezi, pistons, expansion rings and other parts with high working temperature
2A90 Aero engine piston
3003 is used for processing parts that require good formability, upinzani wa juu wa kutu na weldability nzuri, or both
Works that require these properties and require higher strength than 1XXX series alloys, kama vile vyombo vya jikoni, food and chemical
Product handling and storage devices, mizinga na mizinga ya kusafirisha bidhaa za kioevu, various pressure vessels and
pipeline
3004 all-aluminum pop can body, inayohitaji sehemu zenye nguvu ya juu kuliko 3003 aloi, chemical product production
And storage devices, sehemu za usindikaji wa sahani nyembamba, sehemu za usindikaji wa ujenzi, zana za ujenzi, sehemu mbalimbali za taa
3105 Room dividers, matata, prefab panels, mifereji ya maji na mifereji ya maji, sheet forming parts, vifuniko vya chupa, bottles
plug etc.
3A21 Aircraft fuel tanks, oil conduits, rivet wires, na kadhalika.; building materials and food and other industrial equipment, na kadhalika.
5005 is similar to alloy 3003 in that it has medium strength and good corrosion resistance. Used as a conductor, cooker, instrument
Panels, shells and architectural trim. The anodized film is brighter than that on 3003 alloy and is comparable to 6063
The color tone of the alloy is consistent. The 5050 sheet can be used as the inner lining of refrigerators and refrigerators, mabomba ya hewa ya gari, mabomba ya mafuta, na kadhalika.
Pipes and agricultural irrigation pipes; thick plates, mabomba, viboko, shaped materials and wires can also be processed
5052 Aloi hii ina muundo mzuri, upinzani wa kutu, uwezo wa mishumaa, fatigue strength and moderate static
Nguvu, used to manufacture aircraft fuel tanks, mabomba ya mafuta, and sheet metal parts for transportation vehicles and ships, instruments, street lights
Brackets and rivets, bidhaa za vifaa, na kadhalika.
5056 magnesium alloy and cable sheath rivets, zippers, nails, na kadhalika.; aluminum-clad wire is widely used in processing agricultural fishing
Insect cover, and other occasions where high corrosion resistance is required
5083 is used in occasions requiring high corrosion resistance, weldability nzuri na nguvu za kati, kama vile meli, steam
Vehicle and aircraft plate weldments; vyombo vya shinikizo vinavyohitaji ulinzi mkali wa moto, vifaa vya friji, minara ya TV, vifaa vya kuchimba visima,
Vifaa vya usafiri, vipengele vya kombora, silaha, na kadhalika.
5086 is used in occasions requiring high corrosion resistance, weldability nzuri na nguvu za kati, kama vile meli, steam
Vehicles, Ndege, vifaa vya cryogenic, minara ya TV, vifaa vya kuchimba visima, vifaa vya usafiri, sehemu za kombora na sitaha, na kadhalika.
5154 Miundo ya svetsade, mizinga ya kuhifadhi, vyombo vya shinikizo, ship structures and offshore installations, transport tanks
5182 thin plate is used for processing can lids, paneli za mwili wa gari, paneli za kudhibiti, reinforcements, mabano na sehemu zingine
5252 is used to manufacture decorative parts with high strength, such as decorative parts of automobiles. baada ya anodizing
With bright and transparent oxide film
5254 Containers for hydrogen peroxide and other chemical products
5356 Welding aluminum-magnesium alloy electrodes and wires with a magnesium content greater than 3%
5454 Miundo ya svetsade, vyombo vya shinikizo, piping for marine installations
5456 Armor plates, high-strength welded structures, mizinga ya kuhifadhi, vyombo vya shinikizo, ship materials
5457 Polished and anodized decorative parts for automobiles and other equipment
5652 Storage containers for hydrogen peroxide and other chemical products
5657 Polished and anodized trim parts of motor vehicles and other equipment, but in any case must
Ensuring that the material has a fine grain structure
5A02 Aircraft fuel tanks and conduits, welding wires, rivets, ship structural parts
5A03 Medium-strength welded structures, cold stamped parts, welded containers, welding wire, can be used to replace 5A02 welded
gold
5A05 Welded structural parts, mifupa ya ngozi ya ndege
5A06 Welded structures, sehemu za kughushi baridi, svetsade sehemu za mvutano wa chombo, sehemu za mifupa ya ngozi ya ndege
5A12 Welded structural parts, bulletproof deck
6005 extruded profiles and pipes are used for structural parts that require higher strength than 6063 alloys, such as ladders, TVs
Antenna etc.
6009 Automobile body panels
6010 Laha: automobile body
6061 Requires various industrial structures with certain strength, high weldability na upinzani kutu, such as manufacturing trucks, towers
Tubes, viboko, shapes, and plates used in buildings, meli, tramu, fixtures, sehemu za mitambo, usindikaji wa usahihi, na kadhalika.
6063 Construction profiles, mabomba ya umwagiliaji na vifaa vya extruded kwa magari, madawati, samani, ua, na kadhalika.
6066 Forgings and welded structure extrusion materials
6070 Extruded materials and tubes for heavy-duty welded structures and the automotive industry
6101 High-strength rods for buses, electrical conductors and radiators, na kadhalika.
6151 is used for die forging crankshaft parts, machine parts and production of rolling rings, which require good forgeability,
Nguvu ya juu, but also good corrosion resistance
6201 High-strength conductive rods and wires
6205 Slabs, Pedals and High Impact Extrusions
6262 Threaded high stress parts requiring better corrosion resistance than 2011 na 2017 alloys
6351 Extruded structural parts of vehicles, pipelines for water, oil, na kadhalika.
6463 Construction and various appliance profiles, as well as automotive trim parts with a bright surface after anodizing
6A02 Aircraft engine parts, forgings and die forgings with complex shapes
7005 extruded materials, used to manufacture welded structures that have both high strength and high fracture toughness, kama vile
Trusses, viboko, containers of transportation vehicles; exchangers kubwa ya joto, and solid fusion after welding
Processed parts; also used in the manufacture of sports equipment such as tennis racquets and softball bats
7039 Refrigerated containers, cryogenic equipment and storage boxes, fire-fighting pressure equipment, military equipment, armor plates, makombora
device
7049 is used for forging with the same static strength as 7079-T6 alloy but requires high resistance to stress corrosion cracking
Yongli parts, such as aircraft and missile parts – landing gear hydraulic cylinders and extrusions. Fatigue performance of parts
Roughly equal to 7075-T6 alloy with slightly higher toughness
7050 Plates, extrusions, free forgings and die forgings for aircraft structural parts. Manufacturing such parts against alloys
The requirements are: high resistance to exfoliation corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance
7072 Air conditioner aluminum foil and extra thin strip; 2219, 3003, 3004, 5050, 5052, 5154, 6061,
Cladding of 7075, 7475, 7178 alloy sheets and tubes
7075 is used in the manufacture of aircraft structures and futures. He requires high-strength, high-stress structural parts with strong corrosion resistance,
mold making
7175 is used for forging high-strength structures for aircraft. T736 material has good comprehensive properties, hiyo ni, nguvu,
High resistance to exfoliation corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, fracture toughness and fatigue strength
7178 For the manufacture of aerospace vehicles requiring high compressive yield strength parts
Aluminum-clad and non-clad plates for the 7475 fuselage, wing frames, stringers, na kadhalika. Others must be high and strong
Parts with high strength and high fracture toughness
7A04 Aircraft skin, screws, and stressed components such as girder stringers, bulkheads, wing ribs, landing gear, na kadhalika.