Paduan aluminium manakah yang cocok untuk membuat kapal?

A common material for making ships is aluminum alloy. In the 1000-8000 seri, some alloys are widely used in ships. Aluminum alloys are widely used in the shipbuilding industry because of their excellent properties such as light weight, ketahanan terhadap korosi, and high strength.

The aluminum alloys used in the shipbuilding industry are usually divided into two series: 5000 seri (Al-Mg) Dan 6000 seri (Al-Mg-Si). These two series of aluminum alloys have very good moisture resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be used longer in humid environments.

What are the differences between the 500 series and the 6000 series in terms of shipbuilding?

5000 series alloys (aluminum-magnesium alloys)

Among the 5xxx series aluminum alloys, 5083 Dan 5086 are the two most widely used aluminum alloys.

Aluminium 5083 paduan

Komposisi: Contains magnesium (4.0-4.9%), mangan (0.4-1.0%) and trace chromium (0.05-0.25%).
Fitur:
High Strength: One of the strongest non-heat-treatable alloys.
Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Particularly resistant to seawater and industrial chemicals.
Good Weldability: Suitable for welding, a popular choice for ship hulls and superstructures.
Moderate Machinability: Can be machined to a satisfactory surface.

Aluminium 5086 Paduan

Komposisi: Contains magnesium (3.5-4.5%), mangan (0.2-0.7%), and iron (≤ 0.5%).
Fitur:
High Strength: Slightly lower in strength than 5083, but still very strong.
Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Particularly suitable for seawater and harsh environments.
Good Weldability: Commonly used for ship hulls and other structures in marine environments.
Good Formability: Can be easily formed into complex shapes.

6000 Series Alloys (Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon)

Aluminium 6061 Paduan

Komposisi: Contains magnesium (0.8-1.2%), silikon (0.4-0.8%), and small amounts of copper (0.15-0.4%) dan kromium (0.04-0.35%).
Fitur:
Medium-high strength: Good strength after heat treatment.
Ketahanan korosi yang baik: Suitable for marine environments.
Kemampuan las yang luar biasa: Can be welded by all methods.
Kemampuan mesin yang baik: Commonly used in marine fittings, small boats and masts.
Sifat mampu bentuk yang baik: Can be easily formed into various shapes.

Aluminium 6082 Paduan

Komposisi: Contains magnesium (0.6-1.2%), silikon (0.7-1.3%) and manganese (0.4-1.0%).
Fitur:
Kekuatan tinggi: Higher strength than 6061, suitable for more demanding applications.
Ketahanan korosi yang baik: Ideal for marine and structural applications.
Kemampuan las yang baik: Suitable for welding and can be heat treated.
Kemampuan mesin yang baik: Commonly used in shipbuilding structural applications and decks.

Comparison and Applications of 5-Series and 6-Series Aluminum Alloys

5000 Series vs. 6000 Seri

Barang	5000 seri	6000 seri
Kekuatan	5000 Series alloys generally have higher strength in the non-heat-treatable condition compared to 6000 Seri.
Ketahanan Korosi	Both series have excellent corrosion resistance, Tetapi 5000 Series generally outperforms in marine environments due to the higher magnesium content.
Kemampuan las	Both series are highly weldable, Tetapi 5000 Series alloys may be better suited for large structural components due to their better performance and the absence of post-weld heat treatment.
kemampuan mesin	6000 Series alloys generally have better machinability, making them suitable for fine fittings and components.

Applications in Shipbuilding

5083 Dan 5086: Widely used in hulls, bangunan atas, and other large structural components due to their strength and corrosion resistance.
6061 Dan 6082: Used in various parts of ships, such as fittings, masts, ladders, and frames. They are easy to machine and have good overall properties, making them suitable for smaller parts and structural elements.

Itu 5000 series alloys, especially 5083 Dan 5086, are favored for their high strength and corrosion resistance, making them ideal for hulls and large structural parts. Itu 6000 series alloys, termasuk 6061 Dan 6082, are favored for their excellent machinability, kemampuan las, and suitability for smaller parts and fittings.